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Entries in Gordon Brown (3)

Thursday
Apr292010

EA Joins the BBC on the British Elections

I'll be joining BBC Breakfast tomorrow at 6:10 a.m. (0510 GMT) and possibly at 8:10 a.m. (0710 GMT) to the final debate between Prime Minister Gordon Brown of the Labour Party and his challengers, Nick Clegg of the Liberal Democrats and David Cameron of the Conservatives.

We'll be discussing the issues covered in the debate, including the economy, immigration, and education, and assess the likely political impact ahead of next Thursday's vote.



(Inside Line: The Conservatives did not secure their Parliamentary majority tonight, and Brown recovered enough from recent setbacks to ensure that there will not be a humiliation of Labour, although it is doubtful he did enough to bring in the largest number of seats next week. Unless a major Fear Factor of coalition government scares away voters from the Liberal Democrats, Britain will have its first "hung Parliament" in almost 40 years.)
Monday
Apr262010

Afghanistan: Turning a Blind Eye to Corruption? (Sengupta)

Kim Sengupta writes in The Independent of London:

NATO has agreed on its long-awaited road map for the future of Afghanistan amid warnings that the process risks tolerating corruption and the power of the warlords for the sake of security.

The Alliance's summit in the Estonian capital ended [Friday] night without the details of the framework for a handover of security to President Hamid Karzai's forces being made public. The Independent has learned, however, that an area will be deemed ready for transfer if serious violence has been in abeyance for a period of time, if there is access to power by different ethnic and tribal elements and if the conditions are present for development projects taking place in relative safety.

Afghanistan: US Overruling Afghan “Allies” for Kandahar Offensive? (Porter)


According to senior diplomatic sources, clusters of provinces, rather than individual ones, will be transferred to "provide critical mass" able to withstand the Taliban. The decisions on the locations for handover and the timeframe involved will be made at a Nato conference later this year after talks between Western and Afghan government officials.


The start of the handover will not, however, mean that troops can start to withdraw, NATO officials stressed. British troops in particular will have to wait before pulling out as the areas in the south where they are based – the main battleground with the Taliban --– will be among the last to be transferred to Afghan control. [British Prime Minister] Gordon Brown had stated that the handover process will start this year, allowing UK forces to begin returning home.

The NATO secretary general, Anders Fogh Rasmussen, warned: "The future of this mission is clear and visible: more Afghan capability and more Afghan leadership... But it will not be a pullout. It will not be a run for the exit....Our soldiers will move into a more supportive role. So it will be a gradual process. This is conditions-based and not calendar-driven.''

US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said: "We believe that with sufficient training and mentoring, the Afghans themselves are perfectly capable of defending themselves against insurgents. Does this mean it will be smooth sailing? I don't think so, just look at Iraq. A lot of progress has been made there but there are still problems with terrorism."

Mrs Clinton said she appreciated that there was a shortfall of staff to train the Afghan security forces. However, she added: "We have a gap that we're still working to fill. I'm convinced we'll get that filled. For me, the glass is way more than half full."

Although Afghan forces will take the lead, Western troops will be available to provide firepower and back-up if the insurgents appear to be making a comeback. If an area which has been handed back shows signs of suffering from endemic corruption or depredations of warlords the local people could protest through shuras – public meetings – said Nato officials. Mr Rasmusson, however, has said the handover process would be "irreversible" and a senior Western diplomat acknolwedged that a degree of corruption will necessarily have to be tolerated as long as it does not threaten the security of Nato forces. "It is not for us to detemine whether a particular district's governance is working or not, it is whether there is a threat to the area to a point that the insurgency threatens to take over," he said.

The diplomat pointed out that the policy of transfers remained uncertain. "Unless we are saying that we will stay and colonise the country we can't say everything is irreversible for ever and we will probably need to remain in support for several decades."

NATO officials also said that the Afghan side in the talks to decide which provinces or districts were suitable for transfer would be represented by officials of the Karzai government at national and local levels and there would be no input from independent groups on the matter.

Some Afghan observers pointed out that NATO's seemingly relaxed attitude about corruption was in marked contrast to the public condemnation by the US and British governments of the corruption in President Karzai's government and his link to warlords such General Abdul Rashid Dostum and Marshal Muhammad Qasim Fahim.

Syed Ali Laghmani, a political analyst based in Kabul, said: "There is a big danger that areas will be given over to strongmen because they can deliver security for the right side and keep out the Taliban. If the West does not make sure that people do not suffer from corruption in these districts then there will be a lot of trouble in the future.''
Wednesday
Apr212010

Britain's Three-Party Election: How the Strange Has Become Possible

Strange days indeed.

Volcanic ash. The most serious economic downturn in a generation, maybe two. A conflict in Afghanistan which is more a never-ending intervention than a war and an occupation of Iraq which has been left behind.

And now the Liberal Democrats, in the space of days, have emerged as contenders for a share of power after the elections on 6 May. Although shrewd onlookers picked up on signs even before Parliament was dissolved, Liberal Democrat leader Nick Clegg's performance in last Thursday's debate with Conservative counterpart David Cameron and Prime Minister Gordon Brown has turned a three-party race from glimmer into shimmering prospect.

So as the candidates move to this Thursday's discussion on foreign policy: what happened and will it last?


1. CHARISMA AND THE LEADER

Rightly or wrongly, debates turn parties into an individual. On Thursday, Clegg was the one man who, primarily by speaking to the millions in the television audience as well as the dozens in the studio, had a significant impact.

This was more than a one-evening phenomenon, however. With the probable exception of 1992, this is the first poll since 1974 and the Ensuing Thatcher-Blair era without a dominant leadership figure. Brown, limited even before he took office by Labour in-fighting, has not been able to morph from effective Chancellor of the Exchequer into powerful PM. Cameron, in the eyes of many non-Conservatives (and I suspect a few inside the party) appears manufactured and lacking substance.

This did not guarantee Clegg's emergence as an equal amongst candidates --- I doubt that he was a household name at this time last week. Instead, the weaknesses of the two leading contenders and Britain's first-ever debate among would-be PMs gave him an opportunity.

2. DRIFT

Again with the probable exception of 1992, this is the first campaign in a generation without a trump card for one of the candidates. Thatcher had the Falklands Factor in 1983 and economic recovery in 1987. Blair had his "New Labour" in 1991, his own economic good times in 2001, and --- for enough, if not most, Britons --- his role as post-Iraq crisis PM in 2005.

Brown and his advisors may argue they avoided economic free-fall but that is not the same as a platform of resurgence. Afghanistan --- and if little else comes out of this Thursday's debate, this will by default rather than by admission --- offers no prospect of "victory".

Normally this lack of a Government banner issue should play into the hands of the main opposition. This year, however, the Conservatives have not defined their own big statement, either positive or negative (those with long memories will recall the effective 1979 slogan, "Labour Isn't Working").

On the economic front, there has no been grand alternative, either on the immediate crisis of lending and bank solvency or on the longer-term stimulus question. Indeed, the terrain of challenge --- who will cut or raise taxes? who will cut or raise social spending? --- is little different from any contest of the last 40 years.

And in foreign policy, there is no Iraq to define, for better or worse, a crisis candidate and party. Afghanistan offers no alternative --- escalation gives no benefit of imminent victory, withdrawal opens the door to accusations of defeat before extremism --- so will remain a rather anodyne talking point for the foreign policy debate.

3. RESPONSIBILITY AND RESPECT

It is not the case that the Liberal Democrats offer that Big Idea that could determine the outcome of the election. However, in the absence of either the Conservatives or Labour offering a political approach which offers either the answer for economic recovery or a resolution to Britain's interventions overseas, the Lib Dems may be able to capitalise by showing that they can at least be trusted with the oversight of the country's future.

The American comic Rodney Dangerfield had the famous catchphrase, "I Don't Get No Respect". That has been damagingly half-true for the Liberal Democrats. For decades, they have been a participant, often the leading one, in the running of local councils; however, at the national level, they have been relegated to the man shouting loudly from the Visitors' Gallery. Britain's system of Parliamentary election, based on first-past-the-post rather than proportional representation, has made the challenge more difficult.

It should not be forgotten, however, that the Liberal Democrats had their best result in more than 20 years in the 2005 elections, winning 52 seats in the 650-member Parliament. In a contest defined to a significant degree by Britain's involvement in the 2003 Iraq War and the ensuing occupation, the Liberal Democrats could define themselves as the only party to oppose the military action as both unnecessary and irresponsible.

While Iraq has faded as an issue because of the withdrawal of British forces from the country, the headline issue of recent months --- the members of Parliament castigated and even facing criminal charges for abuse of expenses --- also could play to that theme of Lib Dem responsibility. Whether because the party has fewer MPs than Labour or Conservative or whether its representatives are indeed more scrupulous, not a single Liberal Democrat has been amongst those named and shamed.

Nick Clegg's task has been to build upon the image of Liberal Democrat respectability at local level and to transform individual touchstones of responsibility into a voter decision that the Liberal Democrats are just as entitled as either of their two competitors to be trusted with day-to-day power in London. The prospect of that transformation was his big victory in last Thursday's debate.

WILL IT LAST?

If I could answer that question, I would be on-line at the bookmakers in the next few minutes, casting a large bet on Britain's first "hung Parliament", with no party winning a majority of seats, in almost 80 years.

The conventional wisdom is that voters considering a ballot for the Liberal Democrats will shy away at the last minute because of the Safety/Fear Factor. Better to entrust political fate with one of the Big Two who have been in power for generations rather than putting faith in an untested party. And, of course, both the Conservatives and Labour will be playing steadily upon that Factor in the next two weeks.

However, in this unusual political year, the Election Day aversion to a Lib Dem vote may not be as strong. The shakiness of both Labour and the Conservatives in defining their political approaches, combined with the lack of faith in Gordon Brown or David Cameron, has opened up a space which could be exploited by the Liberal Democrats.

So once more to the importance of last Thursday's debate. When Nick Clegg took the platform, he was the first Liberal Democrat to be treated as a political equal in the Prime Ministerial contest in post-1945 Britain. When he came off it, he was --- at least for the next seven days --- head and shoulders above his rivals.

Forecasting whether the Liberal Democrats can sustain political parity all the way to 6 May is even more difficult than predicting if this volcanic ash will clear enough for my return to the UK. For now, however, let it be said: the strange has become quite possible.